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Space
K-3
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The Earth is sitting on something
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The Earth is larger than the sun
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The Sun disappears at night
4-6
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The Earth is round like a pancake
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We see because light brightens things
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We do not live on Earth; it is in the sky.
4-9
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We live on the flat middle of a sphere.
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There is a definite up and down in space.
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Seasons are caused by the Earth's distance from the Sun.
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Phases of the Moon are caused by a shadow from the Earth
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Different countries see different phases of the Moon on the
same day.
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The Moon goes around the earth in a single day.
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The Moon makes light the same way the Sun does.
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The Sun is directly overhead at noon.
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The amount of daylight increases each day of summer.
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The Earth’s revolution around the sun causes night and day
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Day and night are caused by the Sun going around the Earth
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Planets cannot be seen with the naked eye
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Planets appear in the sky in the same place every night.
7-College
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Astrology is able to predict the future.
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Gravity is selective; it acts differently or not at all on
some matter.
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Gravity increases with height.
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Gravity cannot exist without air.
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Gravity requires a medium to act through.
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Rockets in space require a constant force
Adult
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The Sun goes around the Earth.
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The Sun goes around the Earth in less than a year
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The Sun will never burn out
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The Universe is a static, not expanding
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The Universe contains only the planets in our solar system
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Lithosphere
5-College
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Any crystal that scratches glass is a diamond.
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Chicago could not be severely damaged by an earthquake in the near future.
7-9
7-12
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Soil must have always been in its present form
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Mountains are rapidly created
College
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Earth is molten, except for its crust
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Earth’s gravitational attraction is drastically reduced on mountain tops
Adult
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Continents do not move
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Radiation can be reduced by boiling radioactive material.
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All radioactivity is manmade.
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The Earth is 6-20 thousand years old
Biosphere
4-12
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Coral reefs exist throughout the Gulf and North Atlantic waters.
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Dinosaurs and cavemen lived at the same time.
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Acquired characteristics can be inherited.
5-College
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Winter weather can be predicted by studying the thickness of the fur on
some animals
10-Adult
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Humans are responsible for the extinction of the dinosaur.
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Dinosaurs and humans existed at the same time.
College
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Some human races have not evolved as much as others.
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The Garden of Eden is where human life began
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Evolution is goal-directed
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Evolutionary changes are driven by need
Adult
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Human beings did not evolve from earlier species of animals
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Atmosphere
K-9
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Rain comes from holes in clouds.
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Rain comes from clouds sweating
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Rain occurs because we need it.
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Rain falls from funnels in the clouds
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Rain occurs when clouds get scrambled and melt.
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Rain occurs when clouds are shaken
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God an angels cause thunder and lightening
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Clouds move because we move.
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Clouds come from somewhere above the sky.
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Empty clouds are refilled by the sea.
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Clouds are formed by vapor from kettles.
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The Sun boils the sea to create water vapor.
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Clouds are made of cotton, wool, or smoke.
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Clouds are bags of water.
College
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Frontal rain is caused by "cooling by contact" between fronts.
Adults
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The oxygen we breath does not come from plants
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Gas makes things lighter.
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One degree of temperature is smaller on the Celsius and Kelvin scales than
on the Fahrenheit.
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Hydrosphere
5-College
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Floods along rivers happen only after snow melts in the spring
College
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All rivers flow "down" from north to south
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Ground water typically occurs as basin, lakes, and fast-flowing streams.
Adult
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Salt added to water does not change the weight of the water.
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